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Биохакинг

73

Lam, J. & Schneider, J. & Zhao, W. & Corley, D. (2013). Proton pump inhibitor and histamine 2 receptor antagonist use and vitamin B12 deficiency. The Journal of The American Medical Association 310 (22): 2435–2342.

74

Theisen, J. et al. (2000). Suppression of gastric acid secretion in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease results in gastric bacterial overgrowth and deconjugation of bile acids. Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 4 (1): 50–54.

75

Helander, H. & Fändriks, L. (2014). Surface area of the digestive tract – revisited. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 49 (6): 681–689.

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Irving, M. & Catchpole, B. (1992). ABC of colorectal diseases. Anatomy and physiology of the colon, rectum, and anus. British Medical Journal 304 (6834): 1106–1108. Review.

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Miller, T. & Wolin, M. (1996). Pathways of acetate, propionate, and butyrate formation by the human fecal microbial flora. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 62 (5): 1589–1592.

78

А также ряд других биологически активных веществ, в том числе и мелатонин. – Прим. науч. ред.

79

Bollinger, R. et al. (2007). Biofilms in the large bowel suggest an apparent function of the human vermiform appendix. Journal of Theoretical Biology 249 (4): 826–831. Review.

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Im, G. et al. (2011). The appendix may protect against Clostridium difficile recurrence. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 9 (12): 1072–1077.

81

Vons, C. et al. (2011). Amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid versus appendicectomy for treatment of acute uncomplicated appendicitis: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet 377 (9777): 1573–1579.

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Jussila, A. et al. (2013). High and increasing prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in Finland with a clear North-South difference. Journal of Crohns & Colitis 7 (7): e256-262.

83

Hou, J. & Abraham, B. & El-Serag, H. (2011). Dietary intake and risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review of the literature. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 106 (4): 563-573. Review.

84

Среди исследователей нет единого мнения о значимости кишечной проницаемости для развития различных заболеваний. В настоящее время значимость синдрома leaky gut («дырявого кишечника») считается преувеличенной. – Прим. науч. ред.

85

Fasano, A. (2011). Leaky gut and autoimmune diseases. Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology 42 (1): 71–78.

86

Olendzki, B. et al. (2014). An anti-inflammatory diet as treatment for inflammatory bowel disease: a case series report. Nutrition Journal 13: 5.

87

Drago, S. et al. (2006). Gliadin, zonulin and gut permeability: Effects on celiac and non-celiac intestinal mucosa and intestinal cell lines. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 41 (4): 408–419.

88

Festen, E. et al. (2011) A meta-analysis of genome-wide association scans identifies IL18RAP, PTPN2, TAGAP, and PUS10 as shared risk loci for Crohn’s disease and celiac disease. PLoS Genetics 7 (1): e1001283.

89

Herfarth, H. & Martin, C. & Sandler, R. & Kappelman, M. & Long M. D. (2014). Prevalence of a gluten-free diet and improvement of clinical symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 20 (7): 1194–1197.

90

Hall, J. (2010). Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. Philadelphia: Saunders.

91

European Association for the Study of Liver. (2012). EASL clinical practical guidelines: management of alcoholic liver disease. Journal of Hepatology 57(2): 399–420.

92

Chida, Y. & Sudo, N. & Kubo, C. (2006). Does stress exacerbate liver diseases? Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 21 (1 Pt 2): 202–228. Review.

93

Milic, S. & Lulic, D. & Štimac, D. (2014). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity: biochemical, metabolic and clinical presentations. World Journal of Gastroenterology 20 (28): 9330–9337.

94

Pandit, A. & Sachdeva, T. & Bafna, P. (2012). Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity: A Review. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 02 (05): 233–243.

95

Pak, E. & Esrason, K. & Wu, V. (2004). Hepatotoxicity of herbal remedies: an emerging dilemma. Progress in Transplantation 14 (2): 91–96. Review.

96

Stahre, M. & Roeber, J. & Kanny, D. & Brewer, R. & Zhang, X. (2014). Contribution of excessive alcohol consumption to deaths and years of potential life lost in the United States. Preventing Chronic Diseases 11: E109.

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Michalopoulos, G. (2007). Liver regeneration. Journal of Cellular Physiology 213 (2): 286–300. Review.

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100

Schmidt, D. et al. (2010). Regulation of bile acid synthesis by fat-soluble vitamins A and D. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 285 (19): 14486–14494.

101

Houten, S. & Watanabe, M. & Auwerx, J. (2006). Endocrine functions of bile acids. The EMBO Journal 25 (7): 1419–1425. Review.

102

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103

Hofmann, A. (1999). The continuing importance of bile acids in liver and intestinal disease. Archives of Internal Medicine 159 (22): 2647–2658. Review.

104

Для профилактики камнеообразования в медицине используют препараты урсодезоксихолевой кислоты. – Прим. науч. ред.

105

Walcher, T. et al. (2009). Vitamin C supplement use may protect against gallstones: an observational study on a randomly selected population. BMC Gastroenterology 9: 74.

106

Koppisetti, S. et al. (2008). Reactive oxygen species and the hypomotility of the gall bladder as targets for the treatment of gallstones with melatonin: a review. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 53 (10): 2592–2603.

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Ley, R. & Peterson, D. & Gordon, J. (2006). Ecological and evolutionary forces shaping microbial diversity in the human intestine. Cell 124 (4): 837–848. Review.

109

Guarner, F. & Malagelada, J. (2003). Gut flora in health and disease. The Lancet 361 (9356): 512–519. Review.

110

Sonomoto, K. & Yokota, A. (2011). Lactic Acid Bacteria and Bifidobacteria. Current Progress in Advanced Research. Norfolk: Caister Academic Press.

111

Wong, J. & de Souza, R. & Kendall, C. & Emam, A. & Jenkins, D. (2006). Colonic health: fermentation and short chain fatty acids. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 40 (3): 235–243. Review.

112

Guarner, F. & Malagelada, J. (2003). Gut flora in health and disease. The Lancet 361 (9356): 512–519. Review.

113

Jernberg, C. & Löfmark, S. & Edlund, C. & Jansson, J. (2010). Long-term impacts of antibiotic exposure on the human intestinal microbiota. Microbiology 156 (Pt 11): 3216–3223.

114

Beaugerie, L. & Petit, J. (2004). Microbial-gut interactions in health and disease. Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. Best Practice and Research Clinical Gastroenterology 18 (2): 337–352. Review.

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Thomas, C. & Stevenson, M. & Williamson, D. & Riley, T. (2002). Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: epidemiological data from Western Australia associated with a modified antibiotic policy. Clinical Infectious Diseases 35 (12): 1457–1462.

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Dethlefsen, L. & Huse, S. & Sogin, M. & Relman, D. (2008). The pervasive effects of an antibiotic on the human gut microbiota, as revealed by deep 16S rRNA sequencing. PLoS Biology 6 (11): e280.

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Forsythe, P. & Kunze, W. (2013). Voices from within: gut microbes and the CNS. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 70 (1): 55–69. Review.

119

Cryan, J. & Dinan, T. (2012). Mind-altering microorganisms: the impact of the gut microbiota on brain and behaviour. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 13 (10): 701–712. Review.

120

Cryan, J & O’Mahony, S. (2011). The microbiome-gut-brain axis: from bowel to behavior. Neurogastroenterology and Motility 23 (3): 187–192.

121

Grenham, S. & Clarke, G. & Cryan, J. & Dinan, T. (2011). Brain-gut-microbe communication in health and disease. Frontiers in Physiology 2: 94.

122

Foster, J. & McVey Neufeld, K. (2013). Gut-brain axis: how the microbiome influences anxiety and depression. Trends in Neurosciences 36 (5): 305–312. Review.

123

Roberts, R. & Farmer, C. & Walker, C. (2018). The human brain microbiome; there are bacteria in our brains!. Program No. 594.08. Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2018. Online.

124

Mayer, E. (2011). Gut feelings: the emerging biology of gut-brain communication. Nature Revies Neuroscience 12 (8): 453–466. Review.

125

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126

Travagli, R. & Hermann, G. & Browning, K. & Rogers, R. (2006). Brainstem circuits regulating gastric function. Annual Review of Physiology 68: 279–305. Review.

127

Mayer, E. (2000). The neurobiology of stress and gastrointestinal disease. Gut 47: 861–869.

128

Hughes, D. & Sperandio, V. (2008). Inter-kingdom signalling: communication between bacteria and their hosts. Nature Reviews Microbiology 6: 111–120.

129

Fasano, A. (2012). Leaky gut and autoimmune diseases. Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology 42 (1): 71–78.

130

Hollander, D. (1999). Intestinal permeability, leaky gut, and intestinal disorders. Current Gastroenterology Reports 1 (5): 410–416. Review.

131

Hietbrink, F. (2009). Systemic inflammation increases intestinal permeability during experimental human endotoxemia. Shock 32 (4): 374–378.

132

Frazier, T. & DiBaise, J. & McClain, C. (2011). Gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, obesity-induced inflammation, and liver injury. Journal of Parentereral and Enteral Nutrition 35 (5 Suppl): 14S–20S.

133

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134

Aloisi, F. (2001) Immune function of microglia. Glia 36 (2): 165–179. Review.

135

Foster, J. & McVey Neufeld, K. (2013). Gut-brain axis: how the microbiome influences anxiety and depression. Trends in Neuroscience 36 (5): 305–312. Review.

136

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138

Kosecka, U. & Berin, M. & Perdue, M. (1999). Pertussis adjuvant prolongs intestinal hypersensitivity. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 119 (3): 205–211.

139

Nakayama, T. & Aizawa, C. & Kuno-Sakai, H. (1999). A clinical analysis of gelatin allergy and determination of its causal relationship to the previous administration of gelatin-containing acellular pertussis accine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 103 (2 Pt 1): 321–325.

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142

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144

Cardinale, F. et al. (2008). Intolerance to food additives: an update. Minerva Pediatrica 60 (6): 1401–1409. Review.

145

Weidenhiller, M. et al. (2012). Histamine intolerance syndrome (HIS): plethora of physiological, pathophysiological and toxic mechanisms and their differentiation. Zeitschrift für Gastroenterolie 50 (12): 1302–1309.

146

Maintz, L. & Novak, N. (2007). Histamine and histaminen intolerance. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 8 (5): 1185–1196.

147

David, T. (2000). Adverse reactions and intolerance to foods. British Medical Bulletin 56 (1): 34–50.

148

В США при синдроме непереносимости гистамина активно применяются пищевые добавки с диаминовой оксидазой. – Прим. науч. ред.

149

Hunt, P. & Susiarjo, M. & Rubio, C. & Hassold, T. (2009). The bisphenol A experience: a primer for the analysis of environmental effects on mammalian reproduction. Biology of Reproduction 81 (5): 807–813.

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Singh, S. & Li, S. (2012). Epigenetic effects of environmental chemicals bisphenol a and phthalates. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13 (8): 10143–10153.

151

Sathyanarayana, S. et al. (2013). Unexpected results in a randomized dietary trial to reduce phthalate and bisphenol A exposures. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 23 (4): 378–384.

152

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Pusztai, A. et al. (1993). Antinutritive effects of wheat-germ agglutinin and other N-acetylglucosamine-specific lectins. British Journal of Nutrition 70 (1): 313–321.

157

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158

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160

Jönsson, T. & Olsson, S. & Ahrén, B. & Bøg-Hansen, T. & Dole, A. & Lindeberg, S. (2005). Agrarian diet and diseases of affluence – Do evolutionary novel dietary lectins cause leptin resistance? BMC Endocrine Disorders 5: 10.

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164

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165

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166

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169

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Patel, B. et al. (2002). Potato glycoalkaloids adversely affect intestinal permeability and aggravate inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 8 (5): 340–346.

171

Friedman, M. (2002). Tomato glycoalkaloids: role in the plant and in the diet. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 50 (21): 5751–5780. Review.

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Fasano, A. (2011). Zonulin and its regulation of intestinal barrier function: the biological door to inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer. Physiological Reviews 91 (1): 151–175.

173

Drago, S. et al. (2006). Gliadin, zonulin and gut permeability: Effects on celiac and non-celiac intestinal mucosa and intestinal cell lines. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 41 (4): 408–419.

174

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185

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186

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189

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190

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Wong, J. & de Souza, R. & Kendall, C. & Emam, A. & Jenkins, D. (2006). Colonic health: fermentation and short chain fatty acids. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 40 (3): 235–243. Review.

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