Лексика для ЕГЭ по английскому языку. Курс лексики для успешной сдачи ЕГЭ

Лексика для ЕГЭ по английскому языку

Курс лексики для успешной сдачи ЕГЭ

Джимми Теллинг

© Джимми Теллинг, 2026

ISBN 978-5-0071-3595-5

Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero

Предисловие

Подготовка к ЕГЭ по английскому языку требует не только знания грамматики, но и богатого словарного запаса. Учащемуся необходимо понимать лексику в текстах и аудиозаписях, правильно употреблять её в заданиях, а также уверенно выражать свои мысли в письменной и устной речи.

Эта книга представляет собой тематический курс лексики уровня B1—B2. Она включает 20 глав, охватывающих основные сферы современной жизни: образование, семью, характер, повседневные обязанности, увлечения, спорт, питание, путешествия, городскую жизнь, покупки, работу, финансы, технологии, СМИ, науку, экологию, культуру, здоровье, социальные проблемы и будущее.

В каждой главе представлены:

основные тематические слова с переводом;

устойчивые словосочетания;

полезные выражения;

слова, которые часто вызывают затруднения;

словообразовательные модели;

упражнения на выбор и подстановку слов;

задания на перевод;

вопросы для устной практики;

задание для письменной речи;

ответы и возможные варианты выполнения.

Все примеры составлены так, чтобы показать правильное и естественное употребление лексики в контексте. Особое внимание уделяется сочетаемости слов, зависимым предлогам и словообразованию — тем аспектам, которые особенно важны при выполнении экзаменационных заданий.

Как работать с книгой

Сначала изучите основную лексику главы и прочитайте примеры. Обращайте внимание не только на перевод отдельных слов, но и на выражения, в которых они употребляются.

Затем переходите к устойчивым словосочетаниям и словообразованию. Старайтесь запоминать слова группами:

employ — employer — employee — employment;

pollute — pollution — polluted — pollutant;

responsible — responsibility — responsibly.

После изучения материала выполните упражнения, не обращаясь к ответам. Проверьте себя и повторно проработайте слова, которые вызвали затруднения.

Для активного закрепления лексики ответьте на вопросы из раздела Speaking Practice и выполните письменное задание. Используйте не менее пяти новых слов или выражений из главы. Это поможет перевести лексику из пассивного запаса в активный.

Не старайтесь выучить всю главу за один день. Лучше возвращаться к материалу несколько раз: повторить слова через день, затем через неделю и ещё раз в конце месяца. Регулярное повторение и использование лексики в собственной речи значительно эффективнее механического заучивания.

Книга подойдёт старшеклассникам, преподавателям и всем, кто хочет систематизировать тематическую лексику и увереннее пользоваться английским языком. Последовательная работа с разделами поможет расширить словарный запас, улучшить точность речи и подготовиться к различным заданиям ЕГЭ.

Глава 1. Education and Learning

Образование и обучение

В этой главе вы изучите лексику по теме образования, школьной жизни, экзаменов и выбора профессии. Слова и выражения помогут выполнять задания ЕГЭ и обсуждать преимущества разных способов обучения.

1. Key Vocabulary

School and Education

academic achievement — учебное достижение

Winning the competition was a significant academic achievement.

academic performance — успеваемость

Regular revision can improve students’ academic performance.

assignment — учебное задание

Our teacher gave us a challenging writing assignment.

compulsory subject — обязательный предмет

Mathematics is a compulsory subject at school.

curriculum — учебная программа

The school curriculum includes academic and creative subjects.

educational institution — образовательное учреждение

The university is one of the oldest educational institutions in the country.

extracurricular activity — внеурочная деятельность

Taking part in extracurricular activities helps students develop social skills.

school leaver — выпускник школы

Many school leavers continue their education at university.

school uniform — школьная форма

Some students believe that wearing a school uniform creates a sense of equality.

secondary education — среднее образование

Young people normally complete their secondary education before entering university.

Learning and Studying

acquire knowledge — приобретать знания

Students acquire knowledge through reading, discussion and practice.

broaden one’s horizons — расширять кругозор

Studying foreign languages can broaden your horizons.

develop a skill — развивать навык

Group projects help students develop communication skills.

gain experience — приобретать опыт

Volunteering allows teenagers to gain valuable experience.

make progress — добиваться успехов, прогрессировать

She has made considerable progress in English.

memorise information — запоминать информацию

Understanding a rule is usually more effective than simply memorising information.

pay attention — обращать внимание

Students should pay attention during lessons.

revise a subject — повторять учебный материал

I need to revise biology before the test.

study independently — заниматься самостоятельно

Online resources allow learners to study independently.

take notes — делать записи

Taking notes helps students remember the most important information.

Exams and Assessment

assessment — оценивание, проверка знаний

Continuous assessment can reduce examination stress.

entrance examination — вступительный экзамен

Applicants have to pass an entrance examination.

exam preparation — подготовка к экзамену

Good exam preparation requires regular practice.

get a high grade — получить высокую оценку

She worked hard and got a high grade in English.

meet a deadline — уложиться в установленный срок

Students must meet the deadline for submitting the project.

pass an exam — сдать экзамен

He hopes to pass all his final exams.

take an exam — сдавать экзамен, участвовать в нём

Thousands of school leavers take the exam every year.

resit an exam — пересдавать экзамен

Students who do not achieve the required result may resit the exam.

submit an assignment — сдать учебную работу

The assignment must be submitted by Friday.

written examination — письменный экзамен

The course ends with a written examination.

Higher Education

apply to a university — подавать документы в университет

Many students apply to several universities.

degree — университетская степень, диплом

She has a degree in economics.

graduate from university — окончить университет

He graduated from university two years ago.

higher education — высшее образование

Higher education can provide better career opportunities.

online course — онлайн-курс

Online courses make education more accessible.

qualification — квалификация

Professional qualifications are required for this position.

scholarship — стипендия

She received a scholarship because of her excellent results.

tuition fees — плата за обучение

Some students find it difficult to pay tuition fees.

vocational education — профессиональное образование

Vocational education prepares students for particular occupations.

2. Useful Collocations

С глаголом make

make progress — прогрессировать;

make an effort — прилагать усилия;

make a decision — принимать решение;

make a mistake — совершать ошибку;

make the most of something — использовать что-либо максимально эффективно.

Students should make the most of the educational opportunities available to them.

С глаголом take

take an exam — сдавать экзамен;

take notes — делать записи;

take responsibility for something — брать ответственность за что-либо;

take part in a project — принимать участие в проекте;

take a course — проходить курс.

Teenagers should take responsibility for their own learning.

С глаголом gain

gain knowledge — приобретать знания;

gain experience — приобретать опыт;

gain confidence — обретать уверенность;

gain practical skills — приобретать практические навыки;

gain admission to a university — поступить в университет.

Part-time work can help students gain practical skills.

3. Useful Expressions

fall behind with one’s studies — отстать в учёбе

Students who miss classes may fall behind with their studies.

keep up with the class — успевать за классом

Regular revision helps learners keep up with the class.

learn something by heart — выучить наизусть

We had to learn the poem by heart.

put knowledge into practice — применять знания на практике

School projects allow students to put their knowledge into practice.

work at one’s own pace — работать в собственном темпе

Distance learning allows students to work at their own pace.

have access to education — иметь доступ к образованию

Every child should have access to high-quality education.

cope with academic pressure — справляться с учебным стрессом

Students need to learn how to cope with academic pressure.

achieve one’s full potential — полностью раскрыть свой потенциал

A supportive teacher can help students achieve their full potential.

prepare for one’s future career — готовиться к будущей профессии

Vocational courses prepare young people for their future careers.

strike a balance between study and rest — соблюдать баланс между учёбой и отдыхом

It is important to strike a balance between study and rest.

4. Word Formation

achieve — достигать

achievement — достижение

Regular practice helps learners achieve better results.

Graduating from university was an important achievement.

educate — обучать

education — образование

educational — образовательный

educated — образованный

Educational programmes should meet the needs of modern students.

qualify — получать квалификацию

qualification — квалификация

qualified — квалифицированный

The course provides students with a professional qualification.

succeed — добиваться успеха

success — успех

successful — успешный

successfully — успешно

Successful students usually organise their time carefully.

motivate — мотивировать

motivation — мотивация

motivated — мотивированный

Highly motivated learners often make faster progress.

perform — выполнять, показывать результат

performance — результат, успеваемость

Regular feedback can improve academic performance.

improve — улучшать

improvement — улучшение

There has been a significant improvement in her pronunciation.

attend — посещать

attendance — посещаемость

Regular attendance is important for academic success.

5. Exercise 1. Choose the Correct Word

Выберите подходящее слово.

Students must submit their assignment / curriculum before Friday.

Regular practice helps learners make progress / education.

She received a scholarship / deadline because of her excellent results.

Taking part in projects helps students gain practical skills / grades.

Mathematics is a compulsory subject / qualification at school.

The university offers several online courses / performances.

Many school leavers want to receive higher education / attendance.

Students should revise regularly before taking an exam / institution.

Vocational education prepares people for particular occupations / assignments.

Good time-management skills help students meet deadlines / scholarships.

6. Exercise 2. Complete the Collocations

Дополните словосочетания словами из списка.

access, attention, deadlines, experience, heart, notes, pace, progress, responsibility, skills

make __________

take __________ during a lesson

gain practical __________

pay __________

meet __________

work at your own __________

learn a poem by __________

take __________ for your learning

have __________ to education

gain valuable __________

7. Exercise 3. Complete the Sentences

Используйте слова и выражения из списка.

academic performance, apply to, broaden, compulsory, fall behind, higher education, put, scholarship

Studying abroad can __________ a young person’s horizons.

Students who regularly miss lessons may __________ with their studies.

Foreign languages are __________ subjects in many schools.

Many school leavers plan to receive __________.

She wants to __________ several universities next year.

Regular revision can improve students’ __________.

Project work allows learners to __________ their knowledge into practice.

The student received a __________ because of her excellent academic results.

8. Exercise 4. Word Formation

Преобразуйте слово, написанное заглавными буквами.

A good education can contribute to a person’s future __________.

SUCCESS

Modern technology has created new __________ opportunities.

EDUCATE

Students need strong __________ to continue working towards their goals.

MOTIVATE

The university provides several professional __________.

QUALIFY

Regular practice leads to a noticeable __________ in language skills.

IMPROVE

Good school __________ is necessary for academic progress.

ATTEND

Completing the project was a significant __________ for the whole class.

ACHIEVE

The course was __________ completed by all the students.

SUCCESS

9. Exercise 5. Complete the Text

Вставьте подходящие слова.

assignments, balance, deadlines, independently, knowledge, progress, revise, skills

Preparing for important examinations can be challenging. Students need to organise their time carefully and find a healthy (1) __________ between studying and resting. It is important to attend classes, complete all (2) __________ and meet the required (3) __________.

Students should regularly (4) __________ the material instead of trying to memorise everything immediately before an exam. They should also practise working (5) __________ and use reliable educational resources. This approach allows learners to expand their (6) __________, develop useful academic (7) __________ and make steady (8) __________.

10. Speaking Practice

Ответьте на вопросы, используя лексику главы.

What school subjects are the most useful for a person’s future?

What qualities help students achieve academic success?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning?

Should schools focus more on academic knowledge or practical skills?

How can students cope with examination stress?

Is higher education necessary for a successful career?

What can teachers do to motivate their students?

Useful Speaking Phrases

In my opinion, education should…

One of the main advantages is that…

Another important point is…

This allows students to…

However, it is also necessary to consider…

I strongly believe that…

To sum up, a good education helps people…

11. Writing Practice

Напишите абзац объёмом 100—120 слов.

Some people believe that schools should pay more attention to practical skills than academic subjects. What is your opinion?

Используйте не менее пяти выражений из главы.

Useful Writing Phrases

It is widely believed that…

There are several reasons for this.

Firstly, …

Moreover, …

For example, …

From my point of view, …

In conclusion, …

Answers

Exercise 1

assignment

progress

scholarship

skills

subject

courses

education

exam

occupations

deadlines

Exercise 2

progress

notes

skills

attention

deadlines

pace

heart

responsibility

access

experience

Exercise 3

broaden

fall behind

compulsory

higher education

apply to

academic performance

put

scholarship

Exercise 4

success

educational

motivation

qualifications

improvement

attendance

achievement

successfully

Exercise 5

balance

assignments

deadlines

revise

independently

knowledge

skills

progress

Possible Answer

Schools provide students with academic knowledge, but I believe they should also pay more attention to practical skills. Firstly, teenagers need to learn how to manage their time, work in a team and take responsibility for their decisions. These skills can prepare them for their future careers. Moreover, practical projects allow students to put their knowledge into practice and gain valuable experience. However, academic subjects should not be removed from the curriculum because they broaden students’ horizons and develop critical thinking. In my opinion, schools should strike a balance between theoretical knowledge and practical education. This approach can help young people achieve their full potential and become more confident and independent.

Глава 2. Family and Relationships

Семья и отношения

В этой главе вы изучите лексику для описания семьи, дружбы, отношений между людьми и семейных обязанностей. Эти слова и выражения пригодятся в письменной и устной частях ЕГЭ.

1. Key Vocabulary

Family Members

close relative — близкий родственник

Only close relatives were invited to the family celebration.

distant relative — дальний родственник

Some of my distant relatives live abroad.

extended family — большая семья, включающая дальних родственников

Members of an extended family often support one another.

immediate family — ближайшие родственники

Her immediate family includes her parents and younger brother.

only child — единственный ребёнок в семье

Although he is an only child, he has many close friends.

single-parent family — неполная семья

Children from single-parent families may have additional household responsibilities.

younger generation — молодое поколение

The younger generation tends to use technology more actively.

elderly relative — пожилой родственник

Many people help their elderly relatives with household chores.

Family Relationships

bring up a child — воспитывать ребёнка

Parents are responsible for bringing up their children.

close relationship — близкие отношения

She has a close relationship with her older sister.

family background — семейное происхождение, семейная среда

A person’s family background may influence their values.

family bond — семейная связь

Shared traditions can strengthen family bonds.

family gathering — семейная встреча

We usually organise a family gathering in December.

get along with somebody — ладить с кем-либо

I get along well with all my relatives.

have something in common — иметь что-либо общее

My brother and I have many interests in common.

look after somebody — заботиться о ком-либо

Older children sometimes look after their younger siblings.

mutual respect — взаимное уважение

Healthy relationships should be based on mutual respect.