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Английский язык. ВПР. 8 класс
Write back soon.
Best wishes,
Peter
Вариант 27
Задание 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите сообщение. Для каждого предложения А–Е выберите один правильный вариант ответа из четырёх предложенных (1, 2, 3 или 4). Вы услышите запись дважды. При повторном прослушивании проверьте себя.
A. Stella Liebeck was burned by ______.
1. hot tea from a café 2. hot coffee from McDonald's 3. soup from a restaurant 4. boiling water at home
B. Stella Liebeck first asked McDonald's to pay for ______.
1. a new car 2. her medical treatment 3. a holiday 4. new clothes
C. The jury awarded her ______.
1. $2,700 2. $27,000 3. $270,000 4. $2.7 million
D. The case became famous as an example of ______.
1. a fair trial 2. a 'ridiculous lawsuit' 3. a serious crime 4. a business dispute
E. According to the report, the case actually revealed ______.
1. a real safety problem 2. a problem with the courts 3. a problem with the coffee industry 4. a problem with the media
Задание 2. Чтение
Прочитайте текст. Для каждого предложения А–Е выберите один правильный вариант ответа из четырёх предложенных (1, 2, 3 или 4).
The popcorn that damages the lungs
Wayne Watson, a resident of the United States, accused a popcorn manufacturer of causing his lung disease. Medical tests confirmed that a flavouring agent called diacetyl was responsible. The company paid millions in compensation. The case became a precedent: manufacturers are responsible for hidden risks in their products.
Diacetyl is a chemical that gives popcorn its buttery taste. It is safe when eaten, but dangerous when inhaled. Workers in popcorn factories, who breathed in the vapour every day, began to develop a serious lung condition that became known as 'popcorn lung'. The disease damages the small airways in the lungs and makes breathing difficult. In severe cases, it can be fatal.
Wayne Watson was not a factory worker. He was a regular consumer who ate several bags of microwave popcorn every day for years. When he became ill, doctors were puzzled at first. It took time to connect his illness to the popcorn. Eventually, tests showed that his lungs had been damaged by diacetyl.
The case was important for several reasons. First, it showed that consumers, not only workers, could be harmed by chemicals in food products. Second, it showed that a product can be legal and still dangerous. Diacetyl was approved for use in food, but nobody had studied what happened when it was inhaled. Third, it established that companies have a duty to warn customers about hidden risks. After the case, several popcorn manufacturers stopped using diacetyl. Some replaced it with other flavourings. Others added warning labels to their products. Regulators in several countries began to examine the safety of flavouring agents more carefully.
However, experts say that the problem is bigger than popcorn. Many everyday products contain chemicals whose long-term effects have never been fully studied. E-cigarettes, for example, often contain flavouring agents similar to diacetyl. Scientists warn that the same harm could occur again if proper testing is not carried out.
The case of Wayne Watson is a reminder that safety is not only about what a product does when used correctly. It is also about what happens when it is used every day, over many years. Companies, experts say, will be held responsible for the risks they fail to disclose.
A. What did Wayne Watson accuse the popcorn manufacturer of?
1. Selling stale popcorn. 2. Causing his lung disease. 3. Using false advertising. 4. Raising prices.
B. What chemical was responsible for his illness?
1. Diacetyl. 2. Aspartame. 3. Caffeine. 4. Sodium.
C. What is 'popcorn lung'?
1. A harmless condition. 2. A serious lung disease. 3. An allergy to corn. 4. A type of cancer.
D. Why was the case important?
1. Because it was the first lawsuit against a food company. 2. Because it showed that a legal product can still be dangerous. 3. Because it banned popcorn. 4. Because it reduced the price of popcorn.
E. What do experts say about the problem?
1. It is limited to popcorn. 2. It affects many everyday products. 3. It has been solved completely. 4. It does not exist.
Задание 3. Грамматика
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк с пропусками, обозначенными буквами А–Е, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Впишите полученные слова на места пропусков разборчивым почерком.
Two cents that went to court
A customer at Walmart achieved compensation because of a two-cent difference in the price of sausages. The point was not the sum but the principle: small dishonesty in pricing is also a violation of consumer rights. Cases like this show that consumers A ________________ increasingly willing to defend their rights in court. In recent years, more and more people B ________________ to sue companies over small sums. Lawyers say that in the future, companies C ________________ more carefully about pricing. However, some people believe that such lawsuits D ________________ the court system. They argue that the time of judges should be spent on more serious matters. Others disagree. They say that if companies are allowed E ________________ small mistakes, they will make bigger ones.
A. BE ________________
B. DECIDE ________________
C. THINK ________________
D. CLUTTER ________________
E. MAKE ________________
Задание 4. Письмо
Напишите ответное письмо объёмом 90–110 слов, ответьте на три вопроса. Оформите свой ответ в соответствии с правилами оформления письма. Не пишите адрес и дату. Не забудьте поблагодарить за полученное письмо и написать, что ждёте ответного письма.
From: Peter@mail.uk
To: Russian_friend@mail.ru
Subject: Consumer rights
...I have just heard about a woman who sued a company over two cents. It sounds silly at first, but the article says the principle is important. Now I am not sure what to think.
What do you think about lawsuits over small sums? Where is the line between protecting consumer rights and ridiculous lawsuits? Would you ever go to court over a small problem?
Write back soon.
Best wishes,
Peter
Вариант 28
Задание 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите сообщение. Для каждого предложения А–Е выберите один правильный вариант ответа из четырёх предложенных (1, 2, 3 или 4). Вы услышите запись дважды. При повторном прослушивании проверьте себя.
A. The markets 'Atlant' and 'Almaz' are located near ______.
1. Moscow 2. Rostov 3. Krasnodar 4. Sochi
B. During the operation, part of the market pavilions were ______.
1. sold 2. demolished 3. repaired 4. moved
C. Business owners estimated their losses at ______.
1. thousands of roubles 2. millions of roubles 3. billions of roubles 4. trillions of roubles
D. The owners of the land were ______.
1. praised by the authorities 2. arrested 3. given compensation 4. allowed to rebuild
E. According to the report, the traders who worked there ______.
1. received full compensation 2. lost their businesses without compensation 3. were moved to another market 4. bought new pavilions
Задание 2. Чтение
Прочитайте текст. Для каждого предложения А–Е выберите один правильный вариант ответа из четырёх предложенных (1, 2, 3 или 4).
Marketplaces and sellers: who is in charge?
The number of new sellers on Wildberries in the Krasnodar region grew by 9 per cent last year, and the total turnover on the platform grew by 10 per cent. These numbers look impressive. But behind them lies a difficult question: who really controls a seller’s business — the seller, or the platform?
For small businesses, marketplaces offer clear advantages. A seller can reach millions of customers without opening a shop. The platform handles payments, delivery, and returns. For many entrepreneurs, this is the easiest way to start a business. However, the relationship between sellers and platforms is not equal. Sellers depend on algorithms. The platform decides which products customers see first. A small change in the ranking system can move a product from the first page to the tenth, and sales can fall dramatically overnight. Sellers have no way of knowing exactly how the ranking works, because platforms usually do not publish the details.
There are other problems too. The platform sets the commission, and it can change it. The platform decides the rules for returns, and it can change those too. If a seller disagrees, the only real option is to leave the platform — but leaving means losing access to customers. Sellers have tried to organise. Some have created unions and associations to represent their interests. Others have complained to regulators, arguing that the current situation is unfair.
In Russia, the Federal Antimonopoly Service has begun to examine the rules of some marketplaces. Similar investigations are taking place in Europe and the United States. Platforms, for their part, say that their rules are designed to protect customers. They argue that ranking systems reward good service and honest sellers. They also point out that sellers are free to work with several platforms at once, which limits the power of any single one.
Experts say the real issue is transparency. Sellers do not need the algorithm to be simple — they need it to be understandable. If sellers know what the rules are, they can follow them. If the rules change, they want to know in advance. Several countries are now considering laws that would require platforms to explain their ranking systems to sellers.
The debate is likely to continue as marketplaces grow. As one seller put it, 'We are not asking for special treatment. We are asking to know the rules of the game we are playing.'
A. How did the number of new sellers on Wildberries in the Krasnodar region change?
1. It fell by 9 per cent. 2. It grew by 9 per cent. 3. It grew by 10 per cent. 4. It did not change.
B. What is one advantage of marketplaces for sellers?
1. They can reach millions of customers. 2. They do not have to pay taxes. 3. They can set their own rules. 4. They control the platform.
C. Why do sellers depend on algorithms?
1. Because algorithms set prices. 2. Because algorithms decide which products customers see first. 3. Because algorithms deliver the goods. 4. Because algorithms pay the sellers.
D. What have some sellers done to protect their interests?
1. They have created unions and complained to regulators. 2. They have stopped selling online. 3. They have bought the platforms. 4. They have moved abroad.
E. According to experts, what is the real issue?
1. The commission is too low. 2. Transparency of the rules. 3. The number of platforms. 4. The speed of delivery.
Задание 3. Грамматика
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк с пропусками, обозначенными буквами А–Е, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Впишите полученные слова на места пропусков разборчивым почерком.
Click & collect: does the seller lose the customer?
When a customer reserves a product online and picks it up in a shop, the seller at the offline point loses the chance to sell something else. Who protects the interests of the seller in a model where the decision is made by an algorithm? Retail experts say that in the future, sellers A ________________ new ways to keep customers in their shops. Many shops B ________________ their layouts to encourage customers to stay longer. In 2030, most offline shops C ________________ as both showrooms and pickup points. Some sellers believe that the click & collect model D ________________ their profits in the long run, because it brings more people into the shop. Others disagree. They argue that sellers need E ________________ more information about the customers who will come to collect their orders.
A. FIND ________________
B. ALREADY CHANGE ________________
C. WORK ________________
D. INCREASE ________________
E. RECEIVE ________________
Задание 4. Письмо
Напишите ответное письмо объёмом 90–110 слов, ответьте на три вопроса. Оформите свой ответ в соответствии с правилами оформления письма. Не пишите адрес и дату. Не забудьте поблагодарить за полученное письмо и написать, что ждёте ответного письма.
From: Peter@mail.uk
To: Russian_friend@mail.ru
Subject: Protecting sellers
...I am reading an article about marketplace sellers. They say they depend on algorithms and cannot plan their business. It seems very unfair.
What do you think about the power of big platforms? How can small sellers be protected? Would you like to start your own online business?
Write back soon.
Best wishes,
Peter
Вариант 29
Задание 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите сообщение. Для каждого предложения А–Е выберите один правильный вариант ответа из четырёх предложенных (1, 2, 3 или 4). Вы услышите запись дважды. При повторном прослушивании проверьте себя.
A. In 2025, a 'digital picket' can be formed ______.
1. in a few weeks 2. in a few days 3. in a few hours 4. in a few minutes
B. According to the report, one viral post can force a chain ______.
1. to lower its prices 2. to remove a product or change its policy 3. to close its stores 4. to hire new staff
C. Today, an unhappy customer is more likely to ______.
1. write a letter of complaint 2. make a video 3. call the manager 4. visit the store in person
D. The report says that brands are now under pressure to ______.
1. ignore social media 2. react quickly to online criticism 3. spend more on advertising 4. reduce the number of products
E. According to the report, the power in the relationship between brands and customers has shifted towards ______.
1. the brands 2. the government 3. the customers 4. the advertisers
Задание 2. Чтение
Прочитайте текст. Для каждого предложения А–Е выберите один правильный вариант ответа из четырёх предложенных (1, 2, 3 или 4).
Walmart and the Juneteenth ice cream
In 2022, the American retailer Walmart released a special ice cream to mark Juneteenth, the holiday that celebrates the end of slavery in the United States. The reaction was immediate and fierce. Critics accused the company of 'performative activism' and of commercialising a serious historical event. The product was removed within days, and the company apologised.
Juneteenth, celebrated on 19 June, marks the day in 1865 when enslaved people in Texas learned that they were free. It became a federal holiday in the United States in 2021. For many Americans, it is a day of reflection and family celebration. When Walmart announced its Juneteenth ice cream, many people felt that the company had misunderstood the meaning of the holiday. The criticism spread quickly on social media. Users pointed out that Walmart had previously been accused of discriminating against Black employees. They argued that selling ice cream was not the same as supporting the community. Some compared the product to other examples of companies trying to profit from social movements.
Walmart responded by removing the ice cream from its shelves and issuing an apology. A company spokesperson said that Walmart was 'reviewing' its approach to Juneteenth and that it was committed to listening to its customers and employees. The case became a textbook example of what marketers now call a 'brand misstep'. It showed how quickly public opinion can turn against a company, and how difficult it is to predict what will offend people. It also showed that customers today expect more than a product — they expect a company to understand the culture it is speaking to.
Marketing experts draw several lessons from the case. First, companies should not treat serious social or historical events as marketing opportunities. Second, they should speak to the communities concerned before launching a product, not after the criticism begins. Third, if a mistake is made, a quick and sincere apology matters more than a long explanation.
Walmart was not the only company to make such a mistake. Other brands have faced similar criticism for products connected to Pride Month, International Women's Day, and other occasions. Experts say that the pattern is likely to continue, because companies want to appear modern and inclusive, but do not always understand the communities they are trying to reach.
A. When is Juneteenth celebrated?
1. 19 June. 2. 4 July. 3. 1 May. 4. 19 July.
B. What was Walmart criticised for?
1. Raising prices. 2. Commercialising a serious historical event. 3. Using bad ingredients. 4. Hiring too few staff.
C. How did Walmart react to the criticism?
1. It ignored it. 2. It removed the product and apologised. 3. It lowered the price. 4. It sued the critics.
D. What do marketing experts say companies should do?
1. Speak to communities before launching a product. 2. Avoid all social media. 3. Never apologise. 4. Ignore public opinion.
E. According to the text, such mistakes are likely to ______.
1. stop completely 2. continue 3. disappear in a year 4. happen only in the USA
Задание 3. Грамматика
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк с пропусками, обозначенными буквами А–Е, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Впишите полученные слова на места пропусков разборчивым почерком.
Tropicana: the redesign that cut sales by 20%
In 2009, Tropicana removed the famous 'orange with a straw' from its packaging. Loyal customers were furious: they called the new design 'ugly'. Sales fell by 20 per cent, and after two months the company brought the old design back. The lesson: customers vote not only with their money but also with their anger. Marketing experts say that companies should avoid A ________________ loyal customers. When a brand changes its image, it risks B ________________ the emotional connection that people have with the product. Tropicana learned this lesson the hard way. The company C ________________ millions of dollars on the redesign when the criticism began. By the end of the year, it D ________________ the old packaging back. Today, marketers study the Tropicana case as a warning. They say that a brand that ignores its customers' feelings will soon find itself E ________________ to win them back.
A. UPSET ________________
B. LOSE ________________
C. ALREADY SPEND ________________
D. BRING ________________
E. TRY ________________
Задание 4. Письмо
Напишите ответное письмо объёмом 90–110 слов, ответьте на три вопроса. Оформите свой ответ в соответствии с правилами оформления письма. Не пишите адрес и дату. Не забудьте поблагодарить за полученное письмо и написать, что ждёте ответного письма.
From: Peter@mail.uk
To: Russian_friend@mail.ru
Subject: Social media and brands
...I have just read an article about how social media can force big companies to change their products. One viral post can make a brand apologise in a few hours. It is amazing how much power customers have now.
What do you think about the power of social media? Should companies listen to criticism online? Have you ever complained about a product on social media?
Write back soon.
Best wishes,
Peter
Вариант 30
Задание 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите сообщение. Для каждого предложения А–Е выберите один правильный вариант ответа из четырёх предложенных (1, 2, 3 или 4). Вы услышите запись дважды. При повторном прослушивании проверьте себя.
A. Dubai Square will be connected to ______.
1. the Dubai Mall 2. Dubai Creek Tower 3. the Burj Khalifa 4. the Palm Jumeirah
B. The project is expected to create a new centre of ______.
1. tourism only 2. business activity 3. agriculture 4. education
C. Economists describe the effect of the project as ______.
1. a multiplier effect 2. a side effect 3. a domino effect 4. a greenhouse effect
D. According to the report, the new centre will affect ______.
1. only shopping 2. logistics, services, and jobs 3. only tourism 4. only transport
E. The project is being built outside ______.
1. the country 2. traditional business districts 3. the city 4. the region
Задание 2. Чтение
Прочитайте текст. Для каждого предложения А–Е выберите один правильный вариант ответа из четырёх предложенных (1, 2, 3 или 4).
Digital product passports in the EU
The European Union is planning to introduce digital product passports for many categories of goods. Under the plan, every product will have a digital record containing information about its origin, the materials it is made from, and its environmental impact. For the buyer, this means transparency. For the seller, it means new reporting duties and the risk of fines for incorrect data.
The idea behind digital product passports is to make it easier to repair, reuse, and recycle products. At present, it is often impossible for a customer to find out what a product is made of or where it came from. A digital passport would change that. By scanning a code on the product, a customer could see the full history of the item. The system is part of a wider EU strategy known as the circular economy. The aim is to move away from the 'take, make, throw away' model and towards a system where materials are kept in use for as long as possible. Digital passports are seen as a key tool for achieving this.
For businesses, the change is significant. Companies will have to collect and store much more information about their products. They will have to update this information when products change. And they will be responsible for the accuracy of the data. If a passport contains incorrect information, the company could face a fine. Small businesses are worried about the cost. Collecting data takes time and money, and many small producers do not have the systems in place. Industry associations have asked the EU to provide support and to introduce the rules gradually, so that smaller companies have time to adapt.
Supporters of the plan say that the benefits will outweigh the costs. They argue that better information will help consumers make greener choices, reduce waste, and create new business opportunities in repair and recycling. In their view, the digital passport is not just a document — it is a step towards a different kind of economy.
The first digital product passports are expected to appear in the coming years, starting with batteries, textiles, and electronics. Other categories are expected to follow. Whether the system will work as planned is still an open question, but the direction of travel is clear.
A. What information will a digital product passport contain?
1. Only the price. 2. Origin, materials, and environmental impact. 3. Only the name of the brand. 4. Only the expiry date.
B. What is the aim of digital product passports?
1. To increase prices. 2. To make it easier to repair, reuse, and recycle products. 3. To reduce the number of products. 4. To help companies advertise.
C. What is the EU strategy called?
1. The circular economy. 2. The green deal. 3. The digital market. 4. The open economy.
