Heath's Modern Language Series: Mariucha

vacío, -a vacant, empty; n.m. void

vagabundo, -a wandering

vago, -a vague

vagón m. railway car, car

vajilla f. table service

valentía f. courage

valer be worth, be of use; avail, bring; defend, protect;

—– más be better;

—se de make use of, have recourse to

valeroso, -a brave, gallant

valiente brave, courageous; fine

valioso, -a valuable

valor m. worth, value; courage

valle m. valley, vale

vanidad f. vanity

vanidoso, -a vain, conceited

vano, -a vain, empty

variado, -a varied

variar (de) change

vaso m. glass

¡vaya! (from

ir) I declare! fine!

¡– con el milagro! a great miracle that is!

vecindad f. locality, neighborhood, proximity

vecino, -a neighboring; n. neighbor; inhabitant

veinte twenty

veinticuatro twenty-four

vejamen m. annoyance, persecution

vela f. candle

velar (por) keep watch, keep guard (over)

velo m. veil

velocidad f. speed;

en pequeña – by freight

vencer conquer, overcome; fall due

vencida f. vanquishment;

a la cuarta [vez] va la – the fourth time never fails

vencimiento m. falling due

vendedor, -ra m. and f. vender

vender sell

veneciano, -a Venetian

venganza f. revenge

vengar revenge

venia f. permission

venir come;

bien venido welcome

venta f. sale

ventaja f. advantage

ventajoso, -a advantageous

ventana f. window

ventanal m. large window

ventolera f. whim

ver see;

a – let's see;

vamos a – look here;

no puedo —le I can't bear the sight of him;

por lo visto apparently

verano m. summer

veras:

de – really

verdad f. truth; genuine;

de – really;

es – it is true;

la – in truth;

¿– que sí? was it really?

¿no es –? isn't that so?

verdadero, -a real

verde green

vergonzoso, -a timid, bashful

vergüenza f. shame; shameful thing; sense of shame

vértigo m. dizziness; insanity

vestido m. dress, garment; pl. clothes

vestigio m. vestige, trace

vestimenta f. clothes, dress

vestir dress, clothe, wear

vez f. time, turn;

a la – at the same time, together;

otra – again;

a veces,

a las veces sometimes;

tal – perhaps;

de una – once for all;

una – once;

cada – más more and more;

en – de instead of;

de – en cuando from time to time

via crucis (Latin) way of the cross

viaje m. journey

viajero m. traveler

vibración f. vibration

Vicenta f. of Vincent

vicio m. vice, bad habit

víctima f. victim

vida f. life;

en mi – never in my life

vidrio m. windowpane, glass

viejo, -a old

viento m. wind;

con la cabeza llena de – full of airs

vigilar keep watch

vigoroso, -a vigorous

vil vile, base

vilipendiar revile

villa f. town, city

villano, -a villainous; n.m. rustic, villain

vino m. wine

violación f. violation, breaking open

violento, -a violent, hard

virgen f. virgin

virtud f. virtue, good quality

visita f. visit; visitor

visitar visit

vista f. sight, eyes; appearance; view, vista;

a la – plain, evident, in plain sight;

se me va la – I go blind

vistazo m. glance

viuda f. widow

vivamente quickly, excitedly

viveza f. quickness

vivienda f. lodgings, rooms

vivir live;

—– de live on or by;

viva hurrah for, vive;

¿quién vive? who goes there?

vivo, -a alive, living; intense, bright; quick, lively;

a —a fuerza by main force

vocación f. vocation

volar fly

voltereta f. somersault, turn

voluminoso, -a voluminous

voluntad f. will; good will

volver turn, return;

—– a hacer do again;

—– en sí recover consciousness;

—se become; return

voz f. voice; shout; word, report;

en – alta aloud

vuecencia f. (=

vuestra excelencia) your honor, your worship

vuelta f. turn, return; change; trip

vulgar vulgar, common, ordinary

vulgaridad f. vulgarity

Y

y and

ya already, now, then, this time, soon; certainly, to be sure;

—– que since;

—– no not again, not now;

—– no más never again;

–—, – yes, yes

yankee m. Yankee (applied by Spaniards indiscriminately to all natives of the U. S. A.)

yo I

York York; Yorkshire (a county of England, famous for its hams)

Z

zócalo m. paneling (on a wall, next to the floor), baseboard

zona f. zone;

coronel de la –, i.e.,

zona para reclutamiento y reemplazo del ejército an administrative district organized for the drafting of recruits, etc.

zumbón, -ona joking, mocking

zurcido m. darning

zurcir darn

1

As reported by "El bachiller Corchuelo," Galdós once said, "quizás [yo] tenga mayor afición [al teatro] que a la novela, porque lo considero un medio más rápido para llegar al alma del pueblo." Por esos mundos, vol. 20, p. 796.

2

See the Prefaces to El abuelo, novela, and Casandra, novela.

3

Foreword to La loca de la casa, long form; Prólogo to Alma y vida, p. xiv.

4

The other plays having short prefaces are: La loca de la casa, long form; Alceste; El abuelo, novela; Casandra, novela.

5

See Alma y vida, Prólogo, p. viii.

6

"Andrenio," Novelas y novelistas, p. 111.

7

Cf. George P. Baker, Dramatic Technique, 1919, p. 513.

8

[8] Thus R. D. Perés (Cultura española, 1906, pp. 135-37), interprets doña Juana of Casandra as the ancien régime, Casandra as liberty working through the revolution of '68, Rosaura as truth. It is true that he is writing of the novel, not the play, but the characters are the same. In the novel El caballero encantado the spirit of Spain is personified in one of the chief characters.

9

See note below, to Act V, line 314.

10

See the criticism of Bárbara.

11

It is perhaps in order to protest here against the amazing translation which has been adopted by several American writers: "Mad for the sake of her family."

12

For this reason, one may suppose, Gerona never appeared in the list of Dramas y comedias which is printed on the back cover of all Galdós' works. But the same reason cannot be alleged for the non-inclusion of El abuelo and Casandra in the same list. This curious bibliographical detail may be supplemented by saying that these three plays are out of print and unobtainable, although El abuelo was reprinted as No. 37 of "La novela cómica" (May 27, 1917).

13

The first poetry he ever tried to write, according to the author; but this is denied by Ed. de Lustonó. See Nuestro Tiempo, 1902, vol. I, pp. 155 ff.

14

Prólogo to J. M. Salaverría: Vieja España, p. xxxiv; Madrid, 1907.