The Belief in Immortality and the Worship of the Dead, Volume 2 (of 3)

1149

C. S. Stewart, Residence in the Sandwich Islands, pp. 226 sq.

1150

Ch. Wilkes, op. cit. iv. 99 sq., with the plate.

1151

U. Lisiansky, op. cit. pp. 105-107. He says (p. 106) that the temple was "called by the natives Heavoo, not Morai, as some navigators have said." The word Heavoo is probably identical with the word heiau, which other writers give as the Hawaiian name for a temple. As to the form of the temples see also A. Campbell, Voyage round the World, pp. 175 sq.: "Their Morais, or places of worship, consist of one large house or temple, with some smaller ones round it, in which are the images of their inferior gods. The tabooed or consecrated precincts are marked out by four square posts, which stand thirty or forty yards from the building. In the inside of the principal house there is a screen or curtain of white cloth, hung across one end within which the image of Etooah [atua, akua] is placed." Remy (op. cit. p. xl) describes the Hawaiian temples as "simple enclosures of stones, roofless, where the religious ceremonies were performed."

1152

Tyerman and Bennet, op. cit. i. 450.

1153

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 92 sq.

1154

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 91.

1155

A. Marcuse, Die Hawaiischen Inseln, p. 101.

1156

J. Cook, Voyages, vii. 6, 15; compare A. Campbell, op. cit. p. 76.

1157

U. Lisiansky, op. cit. p. 107.

1158

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 212 sq.

1159

J. Remy, op. cit. p. 161.

1160

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 150-152; J. J. Jarves, op. cit. pp. 47 sq.; J. Remy, op. cit. pp. xl sq. Compare U. Lisiansky, op. cit. pp. 121 sq.; Tyerman and Bennet, op. cit. i. 423 sq.

1161

A. Marcuse, op. cit. p. 103.

1162

W. Ellis, iv. 150 sq.

1163

L. de Freycinet, Voyage autour du Monde, Historique, ii. 595. Compare U. Lisiansky, Voyage round the World, p. 118. According to the latter writer, there were no taboos (festivals) in the eleventh month.

1164

U. Lisiansky, Voyage round the World, pp. 118 sq. From A. Campbell, Voyage round the World, p. 178, we learn that the festival fell in November, and from a brief native notice we may gather that the New Year celebration was the festival of Macahity. See J. Remy, Histoire de l'Archipel Havaiien, pp. 167, 169, "à la célébration de la nouvelle année, les citoyens, les chefs, les femmes, les enfants se livraient à des boxes furieuses, et plusieurs recevaient dans ces jeux des blessures très graves."

1165

A. Campbell, op. cit. p. 179.

1166

Compare The Golden Bough, Part III. The Dying God, pp. 117 sq.

1167

A. Campbell, op. cit. pp. 178 sq.

1168

O. von Kotzebue, Neue Reise um die Welt, ii. 88 sq.

1169

L. de Freycinet, Voyage autour du Monde, Historique, ii. 596.

1170

O. von Kotzebue, Voyage of Discovery into the South Sea and Beering's Straits, iii. 248 sq. Compare A. von Chamisso, Reise um die Welt (Leipzig, 1836), ii. 312.

1171

A. Bastian, Inselgruppen in Oceanien, pp. 272 sq.

1172

J. J. Jarves, op. cit. p. 39 note; A. Marcuse, Die Hawaiischen Inseln, p. 105.

1173

A. Bastian, Inselgruppen in Oceanien, p. 269.

1174

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 359 sq.; J. J. Jarves, op. cit. pp. 73 sq.

1175

J. J. Jarves, op. cit. p. 73; J. Remy, op. cit. p. xlvii.

1176

Tyerman and Bennet, op. cit. i. 429.

1177

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 360 sq.; J. J. Jarves, op. cit. p. 74; A. Marcuse, Die Hawaiischen Inslen, p. 109.

1178

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 129.

1179

H. T. Cheever, Life in the Sandwich Islands (London, 1851), pp. 11 sq., quoting Sheldon Dibble, History of the Sandwich Islands, p. 99.

1180

O. von Kotzebue, Neue Reise um die Welt, ii. 98; A. Bastian, Inselgruppen in Oceanien, p. 261.

1181

A. Campbell, Voyage round the World, pp. 206 sq.

1182

J. Remy, op. cit. p. 153.

1183

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 175 sqq., 181. Compare U. Lisiansky, op. cit. p. 123; A. Campbell, op. cit. pp. 142 sq.; J. Remy, op. cit. p. xlvii.

1184

C. S. Stewart, Residence in the Sandwich Islands, p. 166; J. J. Jarves, op. cit. pp. 65 sq.

1185

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 177, 180 sq.

1186

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 180.

1187

U. Lisiansky, Voyage round the World, pp. 122 sq.

1188

G. Vancouver, Voyage of Discovery to the North Pacific Ocean and round the World (London, 1798), ii. 135 sq.; W. Ellis, Polynesian Researches, iv. 96; Tyerman and Bennet, Journal of Voyages and Travels, i. 377 sq.; F. D. Bennett, Narrative of a Whaling Voyage, i. 238 sq.

1189

A. Campbell, Voyage round the World, pp. 142 sq.

1190

L. de Freycinet, Voyage autour du Monde, Historique, ii. 602.

1191

C. S. Stewart, Residence in the Sandwich Islands, pp. 165 sq.

1192

W. Ellis, Polynesian Researches, iv. 177.

1193

J. J. Jarves, History of the Hawaiian or Sandwich Islands, p. 66. Compare J. Remy, op. cit. p. xlvii.

1194

E. W. Smith and A. M. Dale, The Ila-speaking Peoples of Northern Rhodesia (London, 1920), ii. 113 sq.

1195

J. Cook, Voyages, vii. 145; U. Lisiansky, op. cit. p. 122.

1196

J. J. Jarves, op. cit. pp. 189, 190. Compare J. Remy, op. cit. pp. 125, 127; H. Bingham, Residence of Twenty-one Years in the Sandwich Islands, p. 71.

1197

O. von Kotzebue, Voyage of Discovery into the South Sea and Beering's Straits (London, 1821), iii. 247.

1198

W. Ellis, Polynesian Researches, iv. 164 sq.

1199

J. J. Jarves, op. cit. p. 191; H. Bingham, Residence of Twenty-one Years in the Sandwich Islands, pp. 71 sq.; J. Remy, op. cit. pp. 127, 129.

1200

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 365 sq.

1201

L. de Freycinet, Voyage autour du Monde, Historique, ii. 594.

1202

W. Ellis, op. cit. iv. 366; J. J. Jarves, op. cit. p. 38; A. Bastian, Inselgruppen in Oceanien, p. 262. Ellis gives Miru as the form of the name, but the correct Hawaiian form is Milu; for in the Hawaiian dialect the ordinary Polynesian R is replaced by L. See E. Tregear, Maori-Polynesian Comparative Dictionary, p. xxiii. In New Zealand and Mangaia the name Miru was given to the goddess of hell or of the dead. See E. Tregear, op. cit. pp. 243, 244, s. v. "Miru."

1203

E. Tregear, Maori-Polynesian Comparative Dictionary, pp. 243 sq., s. v. "Miru."

1204

H. T. Cheever, Life in the Sandwich Islands (London, 1851), p. 12; A. Bastian, Inselgruppen in Oceanien, pp. 264 sqq.; A. Marcuse, Die Hawaiischen Inseln, p. 99.

1205

A. Bastian, Inselgruppen in Oceanien, p. 264.

1206

H. T. Cheever, Life in the Sandwich Islands, p. 12; A. Marcuse, Die Hawaiischen Inseln, p. 99.

1207

A. Bastian, Inselgruppen in Oceanien, p. 265.

1208

A. Bastian, op. cit. p. 266.

1209

L. de Freycinet, Voyage autour du Monde, Historique, ii. 594.

1210

W. Ellis, Polynesian Researches, iv. 367.

1211

A. Bastian, Inselgruppen in Oceanien, pp. 265 sq.

1212

W. Ellis, Polynesian Researches, iv. 144 sq.

1213

Above, p. 47.

1214

R. Taylor, Te Ika A Maui, or New Zealand and its Inhabitants, Second Edition (London, 1870), p. 168. Compare J. Dumont d'Urville, Voyage autour du Monde et à la recherche de la Pérouse, Histoire du Voyage (Paris, 1832-1833), ii. 530.

1215

R. Taylor, op. cit. p. 169.