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The document hasn’t been sent. (Instead of: You haven’t sent the document.)
3) when the action itself is more important than who or what does it (in technological processes, reports, newspaper headings, manuals, instructions, regulations etc.):
Dolby Stereo Digital was first encoded in 1992.
4) to put more emphasis on the agent:
The awarding ceremony will be opened by the company president.
We form the passive voice with the verb to be and the past participle of the main verb:
be (is/was/have been etc.) + the past participle (made/ washed/done etc.)
In 2012, a new cinematic technology, Dolby Atmos, was introduced by the company. (past simple passive)
A new digital surround sound compression scheme is being developed by Dolby engineers for this movie. (present continuous passive)
See Unit 1 for more information about the passive voice.
7. Rewrite these sentences in the Passive Voice.
1) Ray Dolby founded the company in Great Britain in 1965.
2) In 1976, he moved it to the United States.
3) Henry Kloss of KLH persuaded Dolby to manufacture a consumer version of his noise reduction.
4) A Clockwork Orange was the first film that used Dolby noise reduction (though only on the pre – mixes and masters, not on release prints).
5) In 1975, Dolby Labs introduced Dolby Stereo.
6) Dolby specialists also developed a digital surround sound compression scheme for the cinema.
7) In 2010, Dolby announced the arrival of Dolby Surround 7.1.
8. Turn the sentences from Active into Passive. Omit the agent where it is possible.
1) The music company is producing a new video.
2) When did the company introduce the cinematic technology Dolby Atmos?
3) The company specialists have evolved an innovative sound scheme for the home theater.
4) The camera operator was shooting the video when the equipment failed to operate.
5) They had already built a stage for the gig in the square when we came there.
TALKING AND DISCUSSING POINT
9. Choose any two Dolby formats and compare them.
10. Prepare a report on the topic «Dolby Technologies». Pick from the following options:
– Analog audio noise reduction: Dolby A/B/C/S-Type NR; Dolby FM; Dolby HX Pro.
– Audio encoding/ compression: Dolby Digital (AC-3); Dolby Digital EX; Dolby Digital Plus (E-AC-3); Dolby Digital Live; Dolby E; Dolby Stereo (Dolby Analog); Dolby TrueHD; AAC; aacPlus; Dolby Pulse.
– Audio processing: Dolby Headphone; Dolby Virtual Speaker; Dolby Surround, Dolby Pro Logic, Dolby Pro Logic II, Dolby Pro Logic IIx, Dolby Pro Logic IIz; Audistry; Dolby Volume; Dolby Mobile.
– Video processing: Dolby Contrast; Dolby Vision.
– Digital Cinema: Dolby Digital Cinema; Dolby 3D; Dolby Atmos.
– Live Sound: Dolby Lake Processor.
11. Comment on the following quotation.
«People who are crazy enough to think they can change the world are the ones who do.»
Steve Jobs
WRITING
12. Write a report on the topic «Ray Milton Dolby. Biography and achievements.»
13. Write a review of one of the films mentioned in the text: A Clockwork Orange, Callan, Lisztomania, A Star Is Born, Batman Returns, Clear and Present Danger, The Simpsons, Toy Story 3.
Follow the plan:
– Introduction (thesis paragraph, short summary plot, overview of the review body)
– Body paragraphs/analysis (cinematography, setting, acting, soundtrack, accomplishments and fails, the critic’s feelings)
– Recommendation (if the movie is worth watching)
– Conclusion (tied up with the thesis)
14. Write a letter to your friend (State Exam Writing).
This is part of the letter you have received from your English pen-friend Elizabeth:
In your next letter, please tell me about a film you like. What’s it about? Who is starring in the film? Why do you like it?
