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Useful words:
to switch on/switch off = to turn on/turn off – включить/выключить
to back up – сделать резервное копирование
to type in – напечатать в…
to press – нажать (кнопку)
to click on – кликнуть на…
to reboot – перезагрузить
to head into – проследовать в…
to install – установить
Now you know:
– different types of network;
– how to express your opinion;
– how to give instructions.
Vocabulary:
Unit 4. Servers
1. Look at the word below and complete the scheme with the information that you know:
2. Discuss the questions:
1) How important are severs to companies?
2) What kind of data do servers store?
3) Can you name any characteristics that a server might have?
4) What security measures do you think a company need to take when dealing with servers?
5) What problems may occur if a server doesn’t work correctly?
3. Read the dialogue and put the words in brackets into correct order:
Kathrine – office worker
Jack – system administrator
K.: Hi, Jack. 1._____ (you/sorry/bother/to), but Leon said that only you could help me. 2._____ (5 minutes/I/may/of your time/you/ask/for)?
J.: Ok.
K.: Thanks! 3._____ (you/I/ ask/wanted to/about) servers we’re using at work.
J: Well, we have one physical server on-premise and also we use OpenStack VMs for some applications.
K.: 4._____ (I/wondering/was/if you/me/could/to/help) explain the difference between a physical server and an OpenStack VM.
J.: Sure. A physical server is a sort of hardware that can be touched and seen, you know. It processes data, RAM and disk space. Moreover, this server hosts virtual machines. In our company all VMs were created by OpenStack software. Such virtual machines we call instances.
K.: That’s interesting. 5._____ (understand/If/correctly/I), we can create a lot of instances with the use of OpenStack to run various applications?
J.: Exactly. Furthermore, each instance can be allocated its own resources like CPU, memory, and storage. We can even assign them to specific VLANs.
K.: Pardon? 6._____ (I/catch/didn’t) what VLANs are.
J.: A VLAN is a Virtual Local Area Network. It’s used to separate networks or network segments logically without needing two physical networks. This helps in efficient utilization of resources within an organization’s network infrastructure. So, it’s like having different groups of logical switches so we can control LAN traffic depending upon users or applications you wish to provide connectivity to.
K.: I see. You also mentioned RAM. How can it affect server’s performance?
J.: The amount of RAM will determine how many programs you can run simultaneously and how fast it could be. If there isn’t enough RAM, the system will slow down or crash because it doesn’t have enough available memory to handle all the requests.
K.: 7._____ (got/I/it). And what about security?
J.: Don’t worry. We use firewalls, encryption methods, antivirus software, and regular maintenance updates to keep our servers secure.
K.: 8._____ (now,/That’s/you/clear/thanks). I have one more question: how do we ensure that our server is always operating efficiently?
J.: It’s easy. We monitor its performance regularly, analyse usage patterns, and make adjustments which are needed to optimise its speed and reliability.
K. All right. 9._____ (Thanks/all this/ for explaining).
J.: No problem. See you!
4. Read the text once again and answer the questions:
– What information does Kate want to know?
– What is the difference between a physical server and an OpenStack VM?
– How does RAM affect server performance?
– What other security measures can be used to protect servers?
5. Write the missing letters to complete the words:
server _n-pr_m_se – a physical server which is located in company’s building or data center.
appl_ca_ion – a program which performs exact functions for users.
to _o_t – to be somewhere e.g., in cloud
vir_ual ma_h_ne – a resource that uses software instead of a physical computer to run programs and deploy apps.
In_t_n_e – another name for VM used for clouds
to _ll_cate – to divide
_L_N – a network that groups together devices that share a physical LAN, isolating the traffic for each group.
ut_l_za_ion – using something
network infrastructure – a set of hardware and software to maintain a network.
to _ff_ct – to influence on something
p_rfo_m_nce – how well something works
to slo_ do_n – to move slower
to _rash – to fall, to break
to h_n_le – to deal with something
r_q_est – a message with the task
_ncr_pt_on – a changing of data into a secret code to protect an information from stealing
m_inten_nc_ upd_te – a new release of software without new functions for fixing bugs
to mon_tor – to check
to anal_se – to study in detail
adjus_me_t – a small change
to opt_mise – to make something better
6. Complete the situations with the words from the ex.5:
affect monitor VM slow down network infrastructure allocate application server on-premise host optimise
1.Stanley: «Can you please create a new ______ for testing?»
Dave: «Ok, but firstly I need to know if we ______ enough resources to do it.»
2.Jenny: «Do we need to install the ______?»
David: «Why not? It’s more secure that way.»
3.Ann: «Does the new software ______ the current system?»
Oliver: «Yes, it does. We need to test it before implementing.»
4. Elena: «What ______ did you install yesterday?»
Martha: «Spotify. I finally decided to try it.»
5.Nora: «Can a network infrastructure ______ over time?»
Nikita: «Yes, if it’s not maintained properly.»
6.Noah: «How can we ______ the network speed?»
Ivan: «We can try allocating more bandwidth to the critical applications.»
7. Rob: «We need to find a place to ______ our website.»
Brian: «I heard Bluehost is a good option.»
8.Lucas: «We need to ______ the ______ closely.»
Dan: «Yes, any issues can affect all the connected devices.»
7. Read the text from the ex.3 once again and complete the table with the phrases from the text and the additional section:
Additional phrases:
a. That’s clear, thank you.
b. I appreciate your explanation.
c. I need some assistance, please.
d. Could you please clarify…?
e. I think we are not on the same page.
f. Could you do me a favor?
g. I’m terribly sorry but…
8. Fill in the gaps with the missing phrases from ex.7:
Alex – systems engineer
