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1919 William Rossetti, writer and brother to Christina and Dante Gabriel, died.
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1945 Bob Marley, singer-songwriter, was born in Nine Mile, Jamaica.
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1952 Queen Elizabeth II acceded to the throne while visiting Kenya.
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1958 seven members of the Manchester United football team were among those killed in an air crash in Munich.
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1964 France and Britain agreed to build a Channel tunnel.
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1971 astronaut Alan Shepard became the first person to hit a golf ball on the moon.
7 FEBRUARY (#ulink_6816e11f-2802-5b68-9205-86e0e710a449)
1812 Charles Dickens, novelist and social critic, was born in Portsmouth.
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1863 HMS Orpheus was wrecked off New Zealand, killing 185 sailors.
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1940 Disney’s film Pinocchio was given a gala premiere in New York.
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1971 Swiss men voted to allow women to vote in federal elections and to stand for parliament.
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1974 prime minister Edward Heath called a snap election.
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1992 ministers from the 12 European Community countries signed the Maastricht treaty.
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2005 Ellen MacArthur completed her single-handed round-the-world voyage in the record-breaking time of 71 days 14 hours and 18 minutes.
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1587 Mary Queen of Scots was executed at Fotheringhay Castle, Northamptonshire, aged 44.
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1725 Peter the Great, tsar of Russia since 1682, died aged 52.
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1872 Robert Southwell Bourke (6th Earl of Mayo), Viceroy of India, was assassinated in the Andaman Islands.
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1924 the gas chamber was first used as a form of execution when Gee Jon was put to death in Nevada for murder.
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1965 a ban was announced on cigarette advertising on British television.
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1983 Shergar, the Aga Khan’s Derby winner, was kidnapped from stables in Co Kildare and, despite a ransom demand, was never seen again.
9 FEBRUARY (#ulink_b7f04a2d-0606-5764-ae9d-e3fab3f671c6)
1540 the first recorded race meeting in England was held at Roodee Fields, Chester.
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1567 Lord Darnley, consort of Mary Queen of Scots, was murdered in Edinburgh.
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1933 ten days after Hitler had become German chancellor, members of the Oxford Union voted against fighting for “King and Country”.
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1972 the British government declared a state of emergency after a month-long miners’ strike.
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1979 Trevor Francis became the first British footballer to break the £1m transfer fee when he signed for Nottingham Forest.
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1996 an IRA bomb exploded in London’s Docklands, killing two and injuring 100.
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1355 the St Scholastica’s Day riot began in Oxford, with opposing forces of town and gown on the rampage for three days.
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1837 Alexander Pushkin, Russian writer, died following a duel with his wife’s admirer.
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1931 ceremonies began to inaugurate New Delhi as the capital of India (in place of Delhi).
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1962 Gary Powers, the US pilot of a U2 spy plane shot down over the Soviet Union in 1960, was exchanged in Berlin for a KGB agent.
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1964 the Great St Bernard Tunnel under the Alps between Switzerland and Italy was opened to traffic.
11 FEBRUARY (#ulink_3f59975c-b8bd-5da4-bdf2-6831c6654460)
1852 the first flushing public lavatory for women opened in Bedford Street, London.
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1858 a 14-year-old French girl, Bernadette Soubirous, claimed that a beautiful lady, later identified as the Virgin Mary, appeared to her near Lourdes.
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1878 the first weekly weather report was issued by the Meteorological Office.
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1975 Margaret Thatcher became the first woman leader of a British political party.
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1977 the heaviest recorded crustacean, a lobster weighing 44lb 6oz, was caught off Nova Scotia in Canada.
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1990 Nelson Mandela was released from prison in South Africa after 27 years in captivity.
12 FEBRUARY (#ulink_7556f9d2-5995-510f-9787-4e8fbd91faa8)
1554 Lady Jane Grey, Queen of England for nine days, was executed aged 16.
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1809 Charles Darwin, naturalist, was born in Shrewsbury.
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1809 Abraham Lincoln, 16th president of the US, was born in Hodgenville, Kentucky.
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1818 Chile proclaimed its independence from Spain.
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1912 Hsuan-t’ung (Pu-Yi), the last emperor of China, was forced to abdicate.
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1924 Calvin Coolidge became the first US president to deliver a political speech on radio.
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1986 the Channel Tunnel treaty was signed between United Kingdom and France.
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2001 NEAR Shoemaker touched down on 433 Eros, becoming the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid.
13 FEBRUARY (#ulink_c92baa7f-a46d-5793-835f-132aca684ebd)
1542 Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of Henry VIII, was executed for adultery.
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1601 John Lancaster led the first East India Company voyage from London.
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1689 William III and Mary II acceded to the throne of England.
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1692 the MacDonalds were massacred by the Campbells at Glencoe.
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1917 the spy Mata Hari was arrested by the French.
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1945 Dresden was devastated when RAF bombers attacked the city.
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