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The third stage of Stonehenge, about 2000 BC, saw the arrival of the Sarsen stones. The largest of the Sarsen stones weigh 50 tonnes and transportation by water would have been impossible ___ (D). These stones were arranged in an outer circle with a continuous run of lintels. Inside the circle, five trilithons were placed in a horseshoe arrangement, ___ (E). The final stage took place soon after 1500 BC ___ (F). The original number of stones in the bluestone circle was probably around sixty. They have long since been removed or broken up. Some remain only as stumps below ground level.
1. when the bluestones were rearranged in the horseshoe and circle that we see today
2. to form an incomplete double circle
3. which form a circle about 284 feet in diameter
4. which were almost certainly brought from the Marlborough Downs
5. so the stones could only have been moved using sledges and ropes
6. whose remains we can still see today
7. that was completed about 3,500 years ago
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Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Fear No More
Jonte faced playtime with mixed feelings. When the bell rang, the others would rush into the open air, laughing and chattering. He felt left out. Yet these were also times he enjoyed. He could daydream about how things might have been.
Sometimes, though, he would watch the play not directly, that would have been impossible but on the big screen in one of the classrooms. Cheering on his friends made him feel part of the action. Even through the screens, however, watching for long often made his eyes hurt. Sunlight reflected strongly off the silvery turf, and even more from the trees around the ground. Players in motion trailed flashes of light which left black spots in his vision.
It was during a tense game that the summons came through. The shelter Principal, no less, wanted him at once in his office. Jonte uttered a mild swearword, though realising that he had already been watching too long his head was aching. He made his way to the admin sector, signalled his arrival and went in. The Principal was behind his desk directly opposite the door. He was a small man, with metallic black hair cut short, silver-grey hands in constant fidgety motion and an expression of perpetual irritation. He waved in the direction of a chair placed in front of the desk.
But to Jonte’s surprise, there were several other people in the office. It was difficult at first to see them all clearly: not only had the effects of watching the match still to wear off, but the lighting was poor. Perhaps the Principal had only remembered at the last minute to close the heavy shutters and switch on a lamp.
As his vision returned, Jonte’s surprise grew. The six men and two women, who sat in a half circle to one side, judging by their job tags, were senior…very senior. Four were from the administration. The two women and the other two men seemed to be scientists from different research bodies.
Jonte was used to the fact that other people were inscrutable. He would have been able to tell from gazing in a mirror into his own eyes, with their blue irises surrounding dark pupils, how he was feeling, even if he hadn’t known yet. But other people’s eyes were silver discs, giving away nothing. He could sometimes see from the rest of their faces whether they were happy or sad, smiling or frowning; but their skin reflected the light, so that he could never be quite sure. From the way they were sitting, he thought, the visitors seemed anxious.
«Jonte’, the Principal said, «these people have a favour to ask, and I hope you can help them. Please sit down.» Jonte’s surprise grew. What possible favour could these people want from someone like him? «I’ll help if I can’, he said.
«You know,» the Principal went on, «that you have had to grow up here because going outside would be dangerous. Your body wouldn’t be able to withstand the radiation, even at night-time. Ordinary people are born with protection; but in your case…»
«So you see’, one of the women interjected quickly, «you are really a very interesting young man. We want you to let us get to know you better.»
«The people here,» the Principal resumed, «are from the government’s science and research council. They would like to take you to one of their centres in the south, where the facilities are supposed to be better than we can provide.»
«But I’m quite happy here,» Jonte felt he should say. «My friends.»
«… and in any case, ’the Principal insisted a trifle sourly, «you wouldn’t be able to stay much longer. The shelter is being closed down.»
Jonte took this in. «So when do I have to go?» he asked.
«If you can pack your things together quickly, ’one of the men replied, «we should like to move you this evening. Say, in an hour. Is that all right?»
An hour! The suddenness of it all puzzled Jonte. His condition had been known from the moment he had been born when his parents so he had been told had handed him over for special care. But it also excited him. Apart from a short journey when he had been much younger to a medical centre, he could not remember ever having left the shelter. He didn’t really have much to pack anyway.
12. When his friends rushed into the open air during playtime, Jonte felt…
1) embarrased.
2) annoyed.
3) lonely.
4) bored.
Ответ:
13. When the summons came through, Jonte was…
1) glad that he was able to have a rest.
2) annoyed that he had to stop watching the game.
3) eager to know what had happened.
4) in a hurry.
Ответ:
14. The people in the Principal’s office were all…
1) of high rank.
2) very old.
3) researchers.
4) from the administration.
Ответ:
15. In paragraph 6 the word «inscrutable’ means…
1) not wishing to talk.
2) unhappy.
3) pretending to be kind.
4) showing no emotion or reaction.
Ответ:
16. Jonte had to grow up in the shelter because…
1) he was an orphan.
2) the world outside the shelter was dangerous.
3) his body was unable to withstand high temperature.
4) he would not manage to survive in the open air.
Ответ:
17. The people offered to take Jonte to one of their centres because
1) Jonte was not quite happy here.
2) it was well equipped.
3) the Principal didn’t want Jonte to stay in the shelter.
4) the shelter could not provide good education for Jonte.
Ответ:
18. Jonte was surprised because…
1) he had not known about his condition.
2) he had never left the shelter before.
3) he had to leave the shelter urgently.
4) he didn’t have much to pack.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 10—18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—24.
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25—29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25—29.
25 Mount Vesuvius is a volcano in _______ Italy, near the shore of the Bay of Naples and the city of Naples. It is the only active volcano on the European mainland. SOUTH
26 A solitary mountain ___________ from the plain of Campania has a base 50 km and is surrounded by two summits, of which the higher is the cone, RISE
27 __________ as Vesuvius proper. KNOW
On August 24 in the year AD 79, a great eruption of Mount Vesuvius began; the top of the mountain was blown off by
28 an ___________ and the cities of Herculaneum and Pompeii were buried under a rain of ashes and mud. EXPLODE
29 The height of Mount Vesuvius is 1,277 m, while that of Monte Somma, the ____________ summit, is 1,132 m. SMALL
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Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30—36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30—36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Exiles
I can’t say I really feel at home anywhere. I was born in a city, but I hate cities. I love mountains, but I have 30_____________ lived in a mountain country: my home is a flat agricultural area in the south of England which I find boring. I don’t have much in 31 _____ with the local people there, and my way of life is very 32____________ from theirs, so I don’t feel that I am really part of the community.
Although I am English, in some ways I don’t feel English. I have spent time in various countries, and I can happily live abroad for a period. Not for ever, though. In the end I always begin to feel too foreign, and miss too many things. It is then that I realize that my 33_________ really are in England, even if I can’t say exactly where. I don’t have very 34_____________family ties, and I am not in contact with many of my relatives. My Canadian wife has a much stronger sense of family, which she has passed to our son. His home and his immediate family mean a great deal to him, and his extended family is very important to him as well.
He is very fond of all his 35 _____________, and likes to see them as often as he can. So perhaps the next generation will have more ties than I have. In some ways I hope so, but being rootless has advantage too. On balance, I am not sure that I would prefer to 36 _________ to one place, one community and one set of ideas.
30. 1) always 2) ever 3) never 4) usually
Ответ:
31. 1) familiar 2) general 3) relation 4) common
Ответ:
32. 1) different 2) various 3) contrary 4) unusually
Ответ:
33. 1) home 2) routes 3) place 4) roots
Ответ:
34. 1) strong 2) hardly 3) powerful 4) tough
Ответ:
35. 1) relationship 2) relations 3) ancestors 4) friends
Ответ:
36. 1) like2) love3) belong4) choose
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 19—36 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 19—29 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
Раздел 4. Письменная речь
Для ответов на задания 37 и 38 используйте бланк ответов №2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Укажите номер задания 37 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.
37. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Ronny:
Write an email to Ronny.
In your message:
– answer his questions;
